Vertigo is a common symptom of balance disorders that causes a false sensation of movement, often described as a spinning or swaying sensation. It can result from various underlying causes, including inner ear issues, head injuries, and certain medical conditions.
Balance disorders, on the other hand, encompass a broader range of conditions that disrupt the body's ability to maintain equilibrium, leading to unsteadiness, falls, and a general lack of balance.
You should consider consulting an ENT surgeon if you experience recurring or persistent vertigo, dizziness, or balance issues. ENT surgeons specialize in conditions related to the ear and have the expertise to accurately diagnose and treat ear-related causes of vertigo and balance disorders.
ENT specialists possess in-depth knowledge of the ear's intricate anatomy and its role in maintaining balance. When a patient presents with vertigo or balance issues, the specialist conducts a thorough evaluation to determine the underlying cause of the problem. This typically involves a comprehensive medical history review, physical examination, and a series of specialized tests, such as:
Vestibular Function Testing: These tests assess the inner ear's function and its interaction with the brain to control balance. Common tests include electronystagmography (ENG), videonystagmography (VNG), and rotary chair testing.
Auditory Evoked Potential (AEP) Testing: This assesses the auditory system's response to sound stimuli and can help identify any abnormalities that may be contributing to balance disorders.
Imaging Studies: In certain cases, imaging techniques like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans may be ordered to evaluate the structures of the inner ear, brain, and surrounding areas.
Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT): This test evaluates the function of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, which helps maintain stable vision during head movements.
Based on the results of these diagnostic tests, the ENT specialist can make an accurate diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
The ENT specialist works closely with the patient to develop a customized treatment plan. Common interventions include:
Medications: Depending on the diagnosis, medications may be prescribed to alleviate symptoms, reduce inflammation, or manage the underlying cause of the balance disorder.
Canalith Repositioning Maneuvers:These are specialized techniques used to reposition tiny calcium crystals (canaliths) within the inner ear that may be causing vertigo symptoms. The most well-known maneuver is the Epley maneuver, which is highly effective in treating benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).
Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy (VRT): This is a specialized form of physical therapy designed to improve balance and reduce dizziness. VRT involves a series of exercises and maneuvers that gradually help the brain adapt to the inner ear's dysfunction and regain balance control.
In most cases, non-surgical treatments like medications, maneuvers, and VRT effectively manage vertigo and balance disorders. However, in certain situations, surgical intervention may be necessary to correct anatomical abnormalities, remove tumors, or restore proper inner ear function. Your ENT surgeon will determine the most appropriate course of action based on your specific condition. ENT specialists are trained to perform various procedures aimed at correcting anatomical abnormalities or restoring proper inner ear function.
